Pyrroles as Anti-Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Agents
The cyclooxygenase is the key enzyme of the prostaglandin biosynthesis that catalyses the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Two isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2, are known. COX-2 inhibitors are used as anti-inflammatory agents. However, due to adverse cardiovascular side effects several products had to be withdrawn from the market, which clearly shows the need to develop alternative anti-inflammatory agents. In recent years, cyclooxygenases were also discussed as new targets for anti-cancer drugs, since abnormally high levels of COX-2 protein were observed in several types of cancer.
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