Berlin-based Ferdinand-Braun-Institut (FBH) and the University of Glasgow to deepen cooperation, focusing on ultra-high-power photonic applications and enhanced exchange of photonics experts and students through the newly established Visiting Professorship of Paul Crump from FBH in Glasgow. Pushing the limits of high-power diode lasers! This is just one of the ambitious goals of the cooperation between the Ferdinand-Braun-Institut (FBH), Berlin, Germany and the University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (UK). The partnership, which began in 2020 has since evolved into a…

Researchers at Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(IOPCAS) report the discovery of superconductivity (SC) with Tc ~116 K in new antinomy polyhydride SbH4, which has the second highest Tc among the covalent bonding dominated polyhydrides. The paper was published in National Science Review 11, nwad241 (2024). The experimental discovery of SC with Tc~203 K in SH3 has sparked great enthusiasm to exploring new high-temperature superconducting pollyhydride. Recently, pollyhydride superconductor exploration mainly focuses on the elements with low electronegativity, such…

Global coherence metric offers a reliable way to assess and manage light fields in less-than-ideal conditions. Light technology is at the heart of many cutting-edge innovations, from high-speed internet to advanced medical imaging. However, transmitting light through challenging environments, such as turbulent atmospheres or deformed optical systems, has always posed a significant hurdle. These complexities can distort and disrupt the light field, making it difficult to achieve clear and reliable results. Scientists have long sought ways to overcome these limitations,…

The approach can detect anomalies in data recorded over time, without the need for any training. Identifying one faulty turbine in a wind farm, which can involve looking at hundreds of signals and millions of data points, is akin to finding a needle in a haystack. Engineers often streamline this complex problem using deep-learning models that can detect anomalies in measurements taken repeatedly over time by each turbine, known as time-series data. But with hundreds of wind turbines recording dozens…

With funding by the US Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration, N’Gom is designing a probe to detect special nuclear materials remotely. Our nation’s security depends on the effective detection of nuclear materials at our borders and beyond. To address this challenge, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) physicist Moussa N’Gom, Ph.D., is leading research aimed at developing a quantum sensing probe to detect and characterize special nuclear materials precisely and without contact. Special nuclear materials are only mildly radioactive but…

EPFL researchers have published a programmable framework that overcomes a key computational bottleneck of optics-based artificial intelligence systems. In a series of image classification experiments, they used scattered light from a low-power laser to perform accurate, scalable computations using a fraction of the energy of electronics. As digital artificial intelligence systems grow in size and impact, so does the energy required to train and deploy them – not to mention the associated carbon emissions. Recent research suggests that if current…

… It’s just too deep to tap. Seismic data from the Insight lander indicates deep, porous rock filled with liquid water. Using seismic activity to probe the interior of Mars, geophysicists have found evidence for a large underground reservoir of liquid water — enough to fill oceans on the planet’s surface. The data from NASA’s Insight lander allowed the scientists to estimate that the amount of groundwater could cover the entire planet to a depth of between 1 and 2…

In recent years, urban waterlogging disasters have become more frequent due to rapid urbanization and climate change, severely threatening city infrastructure. Subway tunnels, with their semi-enclosed structure, face significant risks during floods, leading to difficult evacuations and substantial casualties. Statistics show that over 160 cities in China experience flood disasters annually, causing severe economic losses and fatalities. Due to these challenges, in-depth research on flood monitoring and early warning systems for subway tunnels is essential to enhance urban disaster prevention…

In order to make quantum computers usable, developing the control technology is crucial for scaled systems, yet it is still in its infancy. Project ARCTIC brings together 36 international partners from industry, academia and leading RTOs to establish a complete and comprehensive European supply chain and develop scalable, reliable, innovative control infrastructure for cryogenic quantum processors. The German Institutes Fraunhofer IPMS and Fraunhofer IAF contribute their extensive expertise in device characterization. The EU is funding the project with over €…

Light is an excellent carrier of information used not only for classical communication technologies but also increasingly for quantum applications such as quantum networking and computing. However, processing light signals is far more complex, compared to working with common electronic signals. An international team of researchers including Dr. Olga Kocharovskaya, a distinguished professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, has demonstrated a novel way of storing and releasing X-ray pulses at the single photon level — a concept…

Two proposals for missions led by the University of Leicester receive £500,000 funding from UK Space Agency. How the Sun influences the atmosphere, space weather and habitability of a planet, as well as the space between the stars, could be investigated by two proposed UK space missions, led by the University of Leicester. A total of nearly £500,000 funding has been granted by the UK Space Agency to two teams based at Space Park Leicester, the University of Leicester’s £100…

GPU Cluster for Generative AI & Machine Learning. The Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) today announced it is investing in a state-of-the-art cluster of over 100 NVIDIA H100 Tensor Core GPUs to enhance its computing infrastructure and scale up machine learning for academic research. The latest-generation GPU cluster specializes in training large language models for generative AI and machine learning. The Institute-funded, multi-million investment helps accelerate AI research in the public sphere at scale and consolidates ISTA as…

New study details how large-scale, cost-effective use of high-temperature superconducting wire is another step closer to reality. Our energy future may depend on high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wires. This technology’s ability to carry electricity without resistance at temperatures higher than those required by traditional superconductors could revolutionize the electric grid and even enable commercial nuclear fusion. Yet these large-scale applications won’t happen until HTS wires can be fabricated at a price-performance metric equal to that of the plain copper wire sold…

Team discovers Magnon-phonon Fermi resonance in an antiferromagnet. Soon, data storage centers are expected to consume almost 10 percent of the world’s energy generation. This increase is, among other things, due to intrinsic limitations of the materials used – ferromagnets. Consequently, this problem has ignited a quest for faster and more energy efficient materials. One of the most encouraging pathways are antiferromagnets – materials that not only promise more robust and 1.000 times faster read and write operations but also…

Why toast plasma when you can microwave it! Some believe the future of fusion in the U.S. lies in compact, spherical fusion vessels. A smaller tokamak, it is thought, could offer a more economical fusion option. The trick is squeezing everything into a small space. New research suggests eliminating one major component used to heat the plasma, freeing up much-needed space. Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), the private company Tokamak Energy and Kyushu University in Japan have proposed a design for a…

The Chiplet Center of Excellence commences operations. Three Fraunhofer Institutes have launched a forward-looking research initiative in Dresden: the Chiplet Center of Excellence (CCoE). Its purpose is to partner with industry to drive forward the introduction of chiplet technology. Researchers at the CCoE are working on several fronts for the automotive industry, developing the first workflows and methods for electronics design, demonstrator construction, and the evaluation of reliability. “Chiplets will play a critical role in the global semiconductor industry in…