– new calculation confirms standard model of particle physics. Contribution of hadronic vacuum polarization determined with unprecedented accuracy. The magnetic moment of the muon is an important precision parameter for putting the standard model of particle physics to the test. After years of work, the research group led by Professor Hartmut Wittig of the PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) has calculated this quantity using the so-called lattice quantum chromodynamics method (lattice QCD method). Their result,…

Technique may prevent formation of unwanted waves that siphon off needed energy. Heating plasma to the ultra-high temperatures needed for fusion reactions requires more than turning the dial on a thermostat. Scientists consider multiple methods, one of which involves injecting electromagnetic waves into the plasma, the same process that heats food in microwave ovens. But when they produce one type of heating wave, they can sometimes simultaneously create another type of wave that does not heat the plasma, in effect…

An international team of astronomers, led by researchers from the Astronomical Observatory of the University of Warsaw, have identified a new class of cosmic X-ray sources. The findings have been published in „Astrophysical Journal Letters.” Most people encounter X-rays during medical visits, where they are used to create images of bones or diagnose lung conditions. These X-rays are generated using artificial sources. However, not everyone knows that celestial objects can also emit X-ray radiation. “Some cosmic phenomena produce X-rays naturally,” explains…

After taking the first images of black holes, the ground-breaking Event Horizon Telescope and the Global mm-VLBI Array poised to reveal how black holes launch powerful jets into space. Now, a research team led by scientists from the Onsala Space Observatory, the University Würzburg and the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy has shown that the EHT will be able to make exciting images of a supermassive black hole and its jets in the galaxy NGC 1052. The measurements, made…

NYU and Caltech scientists develop innovative mathematical approach to back existence of long-held framework explaining all physical reality. String theory, conceptualized more than 50 years ago as a framework to explain the formation of matter, remains elusive as a “provable” phenomenon. But a team of physicists has now taken a significant step forward in validating string theory by using an innovative mathematical method that points to its “inevitability.” String theory posits that the most basic building blocks of nature are…

New technology could remotely identify various types of plastics, offering a valuable tool for future monitoring and analysis of oceanic plastic pollution. Researchers have developed a new hyperspectral Raman imaging lidar system that can remotely detect and identify various types of plastics. This technology could help address the critical issue of plastic pollution in the ocean by providing better tools for monitoring and analysis. “Plastic pollution poses a serious threat to marine ecosystems and human livelihoods, affecting industries like fisheries,…

Innovative machine learning method helps safeguard a valuable renewable energy source. Solar power is currently the fastest growing energy sector worldwide. Solar photovoltaic power plants convert sunlight into electricity and their vast potential for producing clean, renewable energy make solar power a cornerstone of the NetZero Emissions by 2050 initiative, which seeks to cut carbon dioxide emissions to zero by the year 2050. Wind has both positive and negative effects on solar power grids. It helps maintain solar panel performance…

Isolated atoms in free space radiate energy at their own individual pace. However, atoms in an optical cavity interact with the photons bouncing back and forth from the cavity mirrors, and by doing so, they coordinate their photon emission and radiate collectively, all in sync. This enhanced light emission before all the atoms reach the ground state is known as superradiance. Interestingly, if an external laser is used to excite the atoms inside the cavity moderately, the absorption of light…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has established a strong presence across industries, large and small. The “VoBaKI” research project has empowered small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with an innovative tool to independently champion the challenges of using artificial intelligence (AI). Rational and accessible solutions were developed to assist SMEs on their journey towards an AI future while collaborating with the FIR at RWTH Aachen University and the Institute of Ergonomics (IAW) at RWTH Aachen University and along with the support of numerous…

Determining the conditions in which brines are stable could be key to better understanding the climate and potential habitability of Mars. More than a hundred years ago, astronomer Percival Lowell made the case for the existence of canals on Mars designed to redistribute water from the Martian ice caps to its lower, drier latitudes. This necessarily meant the existence of Martians to build the canals. While Lowell was proven wrong by better telescopes, the question of whether there’s liquid water…

APECS Pilot Line starts Operation in the Framework of the EU Chips Act. The pilot line for “Advanced Packaging and Heterogeneous Integration for Electronic Components and Systems” (APECS) marks a major leap forward in strengthening Europe’s semiconductor manufacturing capabilities and chiplet innovation as part of the EU Chips Act created under the “Chips for Europe” initiative of the European Commission. Within APECS, the institutes collaborating in the Research Fab Microelectronics Germany (FMD) will work closely with European partners, to make…

NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope team has successfully integrated the mission’s telescope and two instruments onto the instrument carrier, marking the completion of the Roman payload. Now the team at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, will begin joining the payload to the spacecraft. “We’re in the middle of an exciting stage of mission preparation,” said Jody Dawson, a Roman systems engineer at NASA Goddard. “All the components are now here at Goddard, and they’re coming together…

A new model highlights the importance of molecular interactions to create order in active systems. Non-reciprocal interactions can increase the order in an active system. This is the finding of a new study by scientists from the department of Living Matter Physics at the Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPI-DS). The researchers created a model to describe the emerging patterns depending on the amount of non-reciprocity in an active system. Living matter often shows characteristics that are absent…

Europe is investing heavily in the future of telecommunications, with four major 6G projects involving the University of Oulu launching in January 2025. Funded through the SNS JU (Smart Networks and Services Joint Undertaking), these initiatives represent a substantial EU commitment, with a total budget of €39.6 million across the projects. Collectively, the projects aim to tackle critical challenges in sustainability, resilience, collaboration, and human-centric innovation. SNS JU’s role in shaping Europe’s 6G development is significant. The SNS JU was…

With integrated gain-filtering, new device could boost 5G/6G networks and enhance data transmission. Researchers have developed a 3D-printed device that generates twisting light beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM), a form of rotational energy that can carry more data than regular beams. The efficient, compact and low-cost vortex beam generators could help enhance the capacity and reliability of future wireless systems. “The growing demand for high-capacity, interference-resistant communication systems in applications like 5G/6G wireless networks requires innovative solutions,” said research…

A team of scientists headed by Dr. Lukas Bruder of the University of Freiburg controlled special quantum states in helium atoms with the FERMI free electron laser. An international research team headed by Dr. Lukas Bruder of the University of Freiburg has for the first time controlled hybrid electron-photon quantum states in helium atoms. Control of these special quantum states was enabled by the pulse formation of very intense, extreme ultraviolet radiation. This method introduces the possibility not only of…