Age determines the genes that regulate our internal body clock. Intrigued by this biological function, the University Medical Center Halle published a study on the circadian rhythm linked to our aging process in the journalAging Cell. The analysis examined mice’s gene activity of different ages using artificial intelligence. This research could result in novel therapeutic concepts to counteract the aging process. The way you age is influenced by your environment, lifestyle, and inherited genes, along with how those genes work….
New study shows seal moms prefer slow and steady icebergs, while seals prefer faster ice in better foraging grounds later in the year. Harbor seals in icy regions use icebergs shed by glaciers as safe platforms to give birth, care for young and molt. New research finds that as glaciers change with the climate, the resulting changes in size, speed and number of icebergs affect seals’ critical frozen habitat. Mother seals prefer stable, slower-moving bergs for giving birth and caring…
Geoscientists led by Universities of Leicester and Southampton create new climate record for early Antarctic ice ages. Periods of sudden melting in the Antarctic ice sheet have been unearthed in a new climate record from over 20 million years ago by geoscientists led by the University of Leicester and the University of Southampton. Published in the journal Nature Communications, the new study reveals how sensitive our planet’s early ice ages were to the effect of the Earth’s eccentric orbit around the…
New research demonstrates a brand-new architecture for scaling up superconducting quantum devices. Researchers at the UChicago Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (UChicago PME) have realized a new design for a superconducting quantum processor, aiming at a potential architecture for the large-scale, durable devices the quantum revolution demands. Unlike the typical quantum chip design that lays the information-processing qubits onto a 2-D grid, the team from the Cleland Lab has designed a modular quantum processor comprising a reconfigurable router as a…
New research has shown how the quantum mechanical principle of strong coupling opens unrivalled possibilities for designing optical filters: So-called ‘polariton filters’ break new ground in imaging / publication in ‘Nature Communications’ A team of researchers from the University of Cologne, Hasselt University (Belgium) and the University of St Andrews (Scotland) has succeeded in using the quantum mechanical principle of strong light-matter coupling for a groundbreaking optical technology that overcomes the long-standing problem of angular dependence in optical systems. The…
Instead of Downcycling… Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are increasingly being used in lightweight construction applications where high strength and rigidity combined with minimal weight are crucial. However, the growing use of CFRP is also accompanied by large quantities of carbon fiber waste. Conventional recycling processes significantly reduce the properties of CFRP and limit the areas of application. The German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research Denkendorf (DITF) have developed highly oriented tapes made from recycled carbon fibers (rCF) that…
ECM1 Inhibits Liver Fibrosis by Targeting Mediators That Convert TGF-β from Its Biologically Inactive Form to Its Active Form. The research group “Molecular Hepatology” from the Dept. of Medicine II., of the University Medical Faculty Mannheim at Heidelberg University, led by Professor Dr. Steven Dooley, has uncovered a significant mechanism involved in liver fibrosis. Their findings have been published in the renowned gastroenterology journal Gut. The study highlights the extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) as a central component of potential…
Desert ants of the Cataglyphis nodus species use the Earth’s magnetic field for spatial orientation, but rely on a different component of the field than other insects. This is the result of a survey published in the journal Current Biology by a research team led by Pauline Fleischmann from the University of Oldenburg, Germany. It suggests that the ants use a different mechanism for magnetoreception than most insects studied to date, including the famous monarch butterflies. The researchers suspect that…
Current laser technologies for the extended SWIR spectral range rely on expensive and complex materials, limiting their scalability and affordability. To address these challenges, ICFO researchers Dr. Guy L. Withworth, Dr. Carmelita Roda, Dr. Mariona Dalmases, Dr. Nima Taghipour, Miguel Dosil, Dr. Katerina Nikolaidou, Hamed Dehghanpour, led by ICREA Prof. Gerasimos Konstantatos, have presented a novel approach based on colloidal quantum dots in an Advanced Materials article. The team managed to emit coherent light (a necessary condition to create lasers)…
International research team presents first electrically pumped continuous-wave semiconductor laser suitable for seamless silicon integration. Scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich, FZJ, the University of Stuttgart, and the Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (IHP), together with their French partner CEA-Leti, have developed the first electrically pumped continuous-wave semiconductor laser composed exclusively of elements from the fourth group of the periodic table – the “silicon group”. Built from stacked ultrathin layers of silicon germanium-tin and germanium-tin, this new laser is the first…
KIT scientists design tailored materials for optical information processing. Photonic space-time crystals are materials that could increase the performance and efficiency of wireless communication or laser technologies. They feature a periodic arrangement of special materials in three dimensions as well as in time, which enables precise control of the properties of light. Working with partners from Aalto University, the University of Eastern Finland and Harbin Engineering University in China, scientists from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have shown how…
A new study by Rice University physicist Qimiao Si unravels the enigmatic behaviors of quantum critical metals — materials that defy conventional physics at low temperatures. Published in Nature Physics Dec. 9 , the research examines quantum critical points (QCPs), where materials teeter on the edge between two distinct phases such as magnetism and nonmagnetism. The findings illuminate the peculiarities of these metals and provide a deeper understanding of high-temperature superconductors, which conduct electricity without resistance at relatively high temperatures….
Researchers at DOE’s Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory are using computers to improve the effectiveness of fusion devices called stellarators. Plasma many times hotter than the surface of the sun swirls inside of a large device. From the outside, the device looks like a metal ring surrounded by scaffolding and walkways. But inside, the device is creating the conditions needed to achieve fusion – the process that powers our sun and every star. Researchers supported by the Department of Energy’s (DOE)…
For the first time, researchers used lab-grown organoids created from tumors of individuals with glioblastoma (GBM) to accurately model a patient’s response to CAR T cell therapy in real time. The organoid’s response to therapy mirrored the response of the actual tumor in the patient’s brain. That is, if the tumor-derived organoid shrunk after treatment, so did the patient’s actual tumor, according to new research from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, published today in Cell…
Ninety percent of cancer deaths are due to the spread of cancer, not complications from the original tumor. Thus, for over 50 years now, scientists have been on a quest to identify which malignant mutations within the tumor allow rogue cells to break away from the primary tumor and travel through the bloodstream and lymphatic system to metastasize throughout the body. But new research suggests an alternative mechanism has been overlooked—elusive mutations driving metastasis may not be developing within the…
New discovery finds simple metabolites combine to form a powerful antioxidant. Dubbed “Conan the Bacterium” for its extraordinary ability to tolerate the harshest of conditions, Deinococcus radiodurans can withstand radiation doses thousands of times higher than what would kill a human — and every other organism for that matter. The secret behind this impressive resistance is the presence of a collection of simple metabolites, which combine with manganese to form a powerful antioxidant. Now, chemists at Northwestern University and the Uniformed Services…
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