A research group led by Junichi Isoya, professor emeritus, University of Tsukuba and Tokuyuki Teraji, principal researcher, Optical and Electronic Materials…

A team led by Gastón Folatelli at the Kavli IPMU, the University of Tokyo, has found evidence of a hot binary companion star to a yellow supergiant star, which…

Solar flares are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth's atmosphere to physically affect humans on the ground. 

 In our vain human struggle to kill flies, our hands and swatters often come up lacking. This is due to no fault of our own, but rather to flies’ compound…

The Open Source Content Decryption Module has been developed by Fraunhofer FOKUS with the aim to be suitable and interoperable for as many systems and…

Truly two-dimensional objects are rare. Even a thin piece of paper is trillions of atoms thick. When physicists do succeed in producing 2D systems, quantum…

Now scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) have taken a key step toward a solution, as described in a…

The Milky Way galaxy is orbited by more than 150 globular star clusters, which are balls of hundreds of thousands of old stars dating back to the formation of…

However, development of quantum computers has been limited as researchers have struggled to find a reliable way to increase the power of these systems, a power…

A novel software technique is about to revolutionize the quality assurance on the Web. It automates the comparison of HTML pages across many browsers and a…

Skin disinfection procedures in hospitals are still lacking a uniform and standardized handling. Therefore, more swabs and disinfectant are used than needed, resulting in unnecessary waste of material. Scientists at the University of Göttingen, Medical Department developed an easy-to-handle and standardized skin disinfection set.

Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive bacterium frequently occurring in nature. Over the years a resistant form developed which is known as MRSA – methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. MRSA can cause severe problems especially in immune compromised patients. The antibiotic of choice to treat these infections was vancomycin. But since resistance to vancomycin has also been observed as well as the development of multiple resistances the application of the recently used antibiotics is increasingly limited. Novel active substances are provided. Their application will overcome resistance mechanisms based on genetic variability because they show a different mode of action.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Some forms are very aggressive due to their invasive growth and the high frequency of metastases. Treatment is extremely difficult and costly, especially when highly specific antibodies are applied. Two enzymes play a major role in the development of tumors – HER2 and Brk. Enzyme inhibitors developed so far only inhibit HER2. The effectiveness is however limited since resistance has developed due to mutations in HER2. Novel substances are provided which selectively inhibit HER2 and/or Brk. The application of these substances allows addressing three important processes concurrently: the receptor mediated tumor growth, the inhibition of apoptosis, and metastasis.

Carotenoids are widely used, i.e. in the food and cosmetics industries for coloring and as scavengers. They can be extracted from plant material or produced chemically. The trend is to establish biotechnological processes but so far the yields are often too low. The application of a novel process for the cultivation Blakeslea trispora results in high yields of carotenoids.

Subject of this innovation is a silver-free paste for establishing contacts in solar cells with nickel, nickel compounds or titanium instead of silver.
The process involves the local opening of the dielectric layer at moderate temperatures, thereby allowing the nickel particles in the paste to form nickel silicide with the surface of the silicon substrate. The high-energy-step of firing the silver contacts with glass frit can be dispensed with.
Furthermore, it is possible to strengthen the nickel layer with copper or tin to increase the electrical conductivity of the contacts still further.

Ultrascale systems combine the advantages of distributed and parallel computing systems. The former is a type of computing in which many tasks are executed at…