Young stars ejecting plasma could give us clues into the Sun’s past Kyoto, Japan — Down here on Earth we don’t usually notice, but the Sun is frequently ejecting huge masses of plasma into space. These are called coronal mass ejections (CMEs). They often occur together with sudden brightenings called flares, and sometimes extend far enough to disturb Earth’s magnetosphere, generating space weather phenomena including auroras or geomagnetic storms, and even damaging power grids on occasion. Scientists believe that when…
Scientists at the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE have developed a new version of reference cells for calibrating solar cells. At the…
A single-photon source never emits two or more photons at the same time. Single photons are important in the field of quantum information technology where, for…
A team of Caltech researchers that has spent years searching for the earliest objects in the universe now reports the detection of what may be the most distant…
The new copper-oxygen adduct complexes for the first time are thermally stable at room temperature (and above) as well as in oxygen-containing atmosphere, i.e. stable as a solid and are suitable for being used as oxidation catalysts, especially in in-dustrial chemistry, e.g. for the oxidation of benzene to phenol or of methane to methanol, for the oxidation of hydrogen, aromatic and aliphatic, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons as well as alcohols and amines.
By nailing down what percentage of stars have a particular mass within a cluster, or the Initial Mass Function (IMF), scientists can better interpret the light…
The adamantane moiety is a very versatile chemical core-structure. It is e.g. incorporated in medically active compounds like Vildagliptin®, a remedy against diabetes.
The innovation presented here provides a new and straightforward way for synthesizing this new class of 1,2-substituted dia-mondoids, which can well be used as intermediate starting ma-terials for further chemical synthesis.
Surface activation or cleaning by cold plasma is getting more and more attention. Current plasma-based solutions for flexible materials however lack efficiency or are technically too complex and error-prone. Scientists at the HAWK developed a plasma roller device for effective and fast plasma treatment of flexible materials.
The problem of space debris is one of the main challenges that aerospace engineers have to face, due to the danger it poses to satellites. In this context,…
Gum 56 — also known as IC 4628 or by its nickname, the Prawn Nebula — is named after the Australian astronomer Colin Stanley Gum, who, in 1955, published a…
The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), a particle collider for nuclear physics research at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National…
The invention describes a CAR which recognizes CD30 as a target antigen and initiates lysis of CD30-positive (CD30+) tumor cells but not of CD30+ healthy cells like hematopoietic stem cells. Specific genetic modifications of the anti-CD30 CAR ensure the specific targeting of CD30+ tumor cells and prevent unwanted side-effects. This approach has been tested in vitro with CD30+ hematopoietic stem cells and CD30+ tumor cells and in vivo in mice transplanted with human CD30+ hematopoietic stem cells. In vivo experiments provided evidence that the treatment with anti-CD30 T-cells has no unwanted impact on the endogenous immune system. Thus, the CAR is most suitable for clinical application in targeting CD30+ leukemia and lymphoma cells. A clinical study phase I is planned for early 2016, indication: cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
Adoptive T-cell therapy is a very promising approach in the treatment of cancer. Early phase clinical trials with genetically engineered T-cells expressing a tumor-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) show significant efficacy in the treatment. However, currently used CAR modified T-cells for antigen-directed targeting towards tumor cells have insufficient performance in the anti-tumor attack, e. g. less amplification and cytolytic activity after the transfer of the modified T-cells into the patient. Scientists from the University Medical Center of Cologne developed a bispecific CAR, which improves the performance of genetically engineered T-cells expressing these CAR polypeptides on their surface. The bispecific CAR comprises two antibody units, with one antibody unit being an anti-CD30 single chain antibody unit and the other antibody unit being an antibody unit specific for an antigen present on the surface of a predetermined target cell, e. g. for the tumor carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) on breast cancer cells.
Electrical engineers at the University of California, San Diego demonstrated a new wireless communication technique that works by sending magnetic signals…
As astronomers continue finding new rocky planets around distant stars, high-pressure physicists are considering what the interiors of those planets might be…
Biological coatings have a high potential for manifold applications, especially for medical applications or biodegradable coatings. Up to now, the formation of biological coatings is accompanied either by a low control over film formation or connected to high costs. Current challenges that need to be overcome are a high control over the film thickness, an even and continuous coating of objects with a complex geometry, or the site-specific coating of single areas on one object. The new concept Enzymatic Bio-Coating is able to solve these Problems. Suitable supports are: Glass, wood, and miscellaneous plastics and metals.
Casein layers are antibacterial, edible, and renewable.
Auf Grundlage eines neuen Oxidationsverfahrens wurden Gassensoren entwickelt, die ohne die sonst notwendige Sensorheizung auskommen. Das besondere Verfahren der potentiostatisch und galvanostatisch kontrollierten plasma-elektrolytischen Oxidation (PEO) ermöglicht dabei die Herstellung einer mechanisch stabilen TiO2-Schicht mit exzellenter Adhäsion auf einer Titanfolie.
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