Researchers propose a simple fix to an existing technique that could help artists, designers, and engineers create better 3D models. Creating realistic 3D models for applications like virtual reality, filmmaking, and engineering design can be a cumbersome process requiring lots of manual trial and error. While generative artificial intelligence models for images can streamline artistic processes by enabling creators to produce lifelike 2D images from text prompts, these models are not designed to generate 3D shapes. To bridge the gap,…
…unleashes ultra-secure, high-capacity data transmission. Scientists have developed a breakthrough optical technology that could dramatically enhance the capacity and security of data transmission (Fig. 1). By utilizing a new type of spatial-frequency patching metasurface that manipulates light beams, researchers have introduced what they call “super-capacity perfect vector vortex beams” (SC-PVVBs). These light beams, which possess intricate spatial and polarization characteristics, can carry vast amounts of information, making them ideal for dense data communication systems. Conventional optical beams often have limitations…
The Leibniz Institute DSMZ is now a partner in the global consortium for the development of the ‘Pathogen Data Network’. The US National Institute of Health (NIH) has funded the development of a global ‘Pathogen Data Network’ coordinated by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB). The Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH is one of twelve internationally renowned institutes and universities that join forces in the Pathogen Data Network. Under the leadership of the SIB and…
Heart cockles have shells with built-in skylights to let in light for symbiotic algae. Since the first fiber optic cables rolled out in the 1970s, they’ve become a major part of everything from medical devices to high-speed internet and cable TV. But as it turns out, one group of marine mollusks was way ahead of us. A new study reveals that clams called heart cockles -– so-named because of their heart-shaped shells — have unique structures in their shells that…
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology joins IQST as a new partner. The mission of IQST is to further our understanding of nature and develop innovative technologies based on quantum science by leveraging synergies between the natural sciences, engineering, and life sciences. “Many KIT scientists already successfully support IQST with their expertise as Fellows. All the more I am pleased that the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology is now joining our interdisciplinary centre as an institution,” says IQST Director Prof. Stefanie Barz. “This…
Working in a team is also relevant for drones. Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, are omnipresent and have grown in popularity due to their wide potential use in many civilian sectors. Equipped with sophisticated sensors and communication devices, drones can potentially form a multi-UAV system, also called swarm. Scientists from the Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology and the Center for Advanced Systems Understanding, both HZDR institutions, conducted experimental tests to set up a conceptual framework for…
New deep learning architecture enables higher efficiency. It is the computational processing of images that reveals the finest details of a sample placed under all kinds of different light microscopes. Even though this processing has come a long way, there is still room for increasing for example image contrast and resolution. Based on a unique deep learning architecture, a new computational model developed by researchers from the Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS) at HZDR and the Max Delbrück Center…
Humans and animals move with remarkable economy without consciously thinking about it by utilizing the natural oscillation patterns of their bodies. A new tool developed by researchers at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) can now utilize this knowledge for the first time to make robots move more efficiently. Four-legged animals that start walking and gradually pick up speed will automatically fall into a trot at some point. This is because it would take more energy not to change gait….
AI-enhanced metalenses achieve high-resolution, full-color imaging for compact optical systems. Modern imaging systems, such as those used in smartphones, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) devices, are constantly evolving to become more compact, efficient, and high-performing. Traditional optical systems rely on bulky glass lenses, which have limitations like chromatic aberrations, low efficiency at multiple wavelengths, and large physical sizes. These drawbacks present challenges when designing smaller, lighter systems that still produce high-quality images. To overcome these issues, researchers have…
…quieting all sounds more than a few feet away. Imagine this: You’re at an office job, wearing noise-canceling headphones to dampen the ambient chatter. A co-worker arrives at your desk and asks a question, but rather than needing to remove the headphones and say, “What?”, you hear the question clearly. Meanwhile the water-cooler chat across the room remains muted. Or imagine being in a busy restaurant and hearing everyone at your table, but reducing the other speakers and noise in…
Carnegie Mellon University’s EgoTouch creates simple interfaces for virtual and augmented reality. The new generation of augmented and virtual reality controllers may not just fit in the palm of your hand. They could be the palm of your hand. A recent paper by researchers in Carnegie Mellon University’s Human-Computer Interaction Institute introduces EgoTouch, a tool that uses AI to control AR/VR interfaces by touching your skin with a finger. The team wanted to ultimately design a control that would provide tactile feedback using only…
Physicists create “light hurricanes” that could transport huge amounts of data. Much of modern life depends on the coding of information onto means of delivering it. A common method is to encode data in laser light and send it through optic cables. The increasing demand for more information capacity demands that we constantly find better ways of encoding it. Researchers at Aalto University’s Department of Applied Physics found a new way to create tiny hurricanes of light — known to…
A new approach to beam shaping will soon make additive manufacturing more flexible and efficient: Fraunhofer ILT has developed a new platform that can be used to individually optimize laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processes. Customized beam profiles improve component quality, reduce material losses and enable previously impossible scaling of the build-up rate of the single beam process. Fraunhofer ILT will be presenting the test system, which is currently under construction, at Formnext in Frankfurt am Main from November 19…
… could revolutionize data storage. The atoms of amorphous solids like glass have no ordered structure; they arrange themselves randomly, like scattered grains of sand on a beach. Normally, making materials amorphous — a process known as amorphization — requires considerable amounts of energy. The most common technique is the melt-quench process, which involves heating a material until it liquifies, then rapidly cooling it so the atoms don’t have time to order themselves in a crystal lattice. Now, researchers at…
Small satellites that find and collect space debris: Mohamed Khalil Ben-Larbi is working towards this goal. He is the new Professor of Space Informatics and Satellite Systems at the University of Würzburg. Humanity also leaves its rubbish in space: discarded satellites and debris orbit the earth in large numbers. There are an estimated 26,000 debris objects larger than ten centimetres. There are also millions of smaller pieces. And because new satellites are always being built, the population of space debris…
ISTA researchers investigate why graph isomorphism algorithms seem to be so effective. Graphs are everywhere. In discrete mathematics, they are structures that show the connections between points, much like a public transportation network. Mathematicians have long sought to develop algorithms that can compare any two graphs. In practice, many algorithms seem always to work efficiently. But in theory, there is no guarantee. In a new arXiv preprint, researchers from the Kwan Group at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria…
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