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Health & Medicine

Consensus Building on Metastatic Breast Cancer Management

A new European School of Oncology (ESO) task force has been created to discuss and review the current guidelines for managing metastatic breast cancer. This is the first time an open debate has taken place with breast cancer experts and patients anywhere in Europe. The European Breast Cancer Conference (EBCC-5) will host the discussion.

Despite improvements in breast cancer treatment, patients with metastatic disease are still likely to die. There are a variety of European guidelines bu

Agricultural & Forestry Science

Human Albumin From Tobacco Plants: A Plant-Based Innovation

Human serum albumin (HSA) is the intravenous protein most commonly used in the world for therapeutic ends. It is employed to stabilise blood volume and to avoid risk of a heart attack, its administration in operating theatres being almost a daily occurrence. It is used for haemorrhages, burns, surgical operations or when the patient shows symptoms of malnutrition or dehydration, chronic infections and renal or liver illnesses. The annual consumption in Spain is about 10 tons but, at a worldwid

Health & Medicine

New Breast Cancer Dictionary Aims to Simplify Patient Care

A new ‘breast cancer dictionary’ is being created to help bridge the gap between patient terminology and complicated medical language, announced The French League Against Cancer at the European Breast Cancer Conference (EBCC-5), today.

Most patients want to know as much as possible about their disease however they often feel unhappy with the information provided by their doctor. Patients frequently turn to other information sources but the medical language can be difficult to compr

Health & Medicine

EBCC Urges Faster Access to Innovative Breast Cancer Treatments

Breast cancer specialists and advocates at the 5th European Breast Cancer Conference (EBCC-5) called today for patients to have equal and speedy access to new breast cancer treatments and procedures, as soon as they are validated by comparative clinical trials.

Doctors and patient groups fear that women across Europe are not getting timely access to new drugs and devices that could help prolong their survival and well-being. Recent advances in intra-operative radiation therapy and

Physics & Astronomy

New Lab Test Measures Gravitomagnetic Effects in Gravity

Scientists funded by the European Space Agency have measured the gravitational equivalent of a magnetic field for the first time in a laboratory. Under certain special conditions the effect is much larger than expected from general relativity and could help physicists to make a significant step towards the long-sought-after quantum theory of gravity.

Just as a moving electrical charge creates a magnetic field, so a moving mass generates a gravitomagnetic field. According to Eins

Health & Medicine

Intensive Care Innovations Win Top Prizes in Microsoft Contest

An academic team which includes key researchers from the Universities of Manchester and Hull has taken both first and second prizes, in a nationwide innovation competition run by Microsoft.

Dr Paul Dark, a Clinical Lecturer in Intensive Care Medicine from Manchester Medical School based at Hope Hospital, and Drs John Purdy and Rob Miles of the Department of Computer Science at the University of Hull, mentored and supported students to develop innovative, software-based products to

Health & Medicine

Not all breast cancers’ risk are increased by HRT

Recent research presented today at EBCC-5 from the million women study found that taking Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) increased the risk of some types of breast cancer, but not others.

Scientists analysed the data from the UK study to try and find a link between HRT and the type of breast cancer that developed. The research found that women who took HRT had an increased risk of developing lobular cancer (affecting the cells in the ducts of the milk-producing glands) and tub

Physics & Astronomy

Cannibal Stars Prefer Hot Food, Says XMM-Newton Findings

ESA’s XMM-Newton has seen vast clouds of superheated gas, whirling around miniature stars and escaping from being devoured by the stars’ enormous gravitational fields – giving a new insight into the eating habits of the galaxy’s ‘cannibal’ stars.

The clouds of gas range in size from a few hundred thousand kilometres to a few million kilometres, ten to one hundred times larger than the Earth. They are composed of iron vapour and other chemicals at temperatures of many millions of degrees.

Health & Medicine

Young Women and Breast Cancer: Age as a Key Risk Factor

A 30 year old woman diagnosed with breast cancer has the same chance of survival as a 60 year old woman with breast cancer according to the latest findings presented today at the European Breast Cancer Conference (EBCC-5).

Scientists have known for a while that young women with breast cancer have a poor prognosis. It was thought to be because younger women were diagnosed later, with more advanced disease. The study set out to see if youth on its own was a factor for poor prognosis.

Social Sciences

Evaluating School Safety a Decade After Dunblane

The Home Office Safer Hospitals and Schools Programme evaluated by PRCI Ltd, a spin-out company from the University, and funded by the Treasury Invest to Save Budget (ISB) reveals that schools have a poor understanding of crime and disorder problems at their site.

Hospitals too do not have a full picture of crime on their sites because data is not properly recorded. Efforts to reduce crime, therefore, cannot be fully effective as the scale and precise nature of the problem is not known.

Earth Sciences

There’s Water Under the Desert – But It’s Hardly Being Used

The one place in water-short Israel where natural groundwater is available and not being fully exploited is – of all places – in the mostly uninhabited Judean desert.

This surprising conclusion arises from a thorough hydrological mapping study done as an M.Sc. thesis at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem by Leehee Laronne Ben-Itzhak, under the supervision of Prof. Haim Gvirtzman of the university’s Institute of Earth Sciences. The study provides detailed information regarding

Materials Sciences

Simulating Defects in Amorphous Boron-Cobalt Alloys

Simulation of local microstructure of amorphous alloys

Modern engineering places increasing demands on components. It is the job of the designers and materials scientists to create components that are up to the challenge.

Many new materials and components can be time consuming and expensive to manufacture with costs escalating if samples or trials prove unsuitable. Computer modelling goes some way to minimizing the developments costs and fast tracking development.

Environmental Conservation

Amazon 2050: Strategies to Save a Million Square Kilometers

Economic and political forces are rapidly transforming the forests of the Amazon basin, precipitating one of the world’s greatest environmental crises. Through an inter-discplinary modeling project known as Amazon Scenarios, scientists at the Woods Hole Research Center, the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Brazil), and the Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (Brazil), with colleagues at several other institutions, are simulating future trends in deforestation, forest fire, rive

Life & Chemistry

New Study Confirms Plant Species Can Be Clearly Defined

Notoriously “promiscuous” plants like oaks and dandelions have led some biologists to conclude plants cannot be divided into species the same way animals are.

That perception is wrong, say Indiana University Bloomington scientists in this week’s Nature. Their analysis of 882 plant and animal species and 1,347 inter-species crossings — the first large-scale comparison of species barriers in plants and animals — showed that plant species are just as easily categorized as animal

Environmental Conservation

Oceans: A Genetic Exchange Hub for Plankton Evolution

New evidence from open sea experiments shows there’s a constant shuffling of genetic endowments going on among tiny plankton, and the “coinage” they use seems to be a flood of viruses, MIT scientists report. The research, led by MIT Professor Sally W. Chisholm, is uncovering a challenging new facet of evolution, helping scientists see how photosynthesizing microbes manage to exploit changing conditions such as altered light, temperature and nutrients. The work will b

Life & Chemistry

Humpback Whales’ Songs Reveal Unique Language Structure

The songs of the humpback whale are among the most complex in the animal kingdom. Researchers have now mathematically confirmed that whales have their own syntax that uses sound units to build phrases that can be combined to form songs that last for hours.

Until now, only humans have demonstrated the ability to use such a hierarchical structure of communication. The research, published online in the March 2006 issue of the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, offers a new

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