TU Dresden spin-off project PRUUVE launched… With the EXIST research transfer PRUUVE (Phosphorescent Response Under UV Excitation) three physicists of the TU Dresden want to bring reusable UV sensor foils and labels to market maturity. With this idea, the team is currently also nominated for the Saxon Founders Award 2022 (futureSAX). Artificially generated UV radiation is used in numerous industrial applications: for example, for the sterilization of air, water and surfaces or for the rapid curing of coated surfaces, printing…
A low-cost and easy-to-manufacture lighting technology can be made with light-emitting electrochemical cells. Such cells are thin-film electronic and ionic devices that generate light after a low voltage is applied. Researchers at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and the University of Turin have now used extensive data analysis to create first-class electrochemical cells from copper complexes that emit blue and white light. Light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) are the simplest and least expensive thin-film lighting devices available to date. They…
LZH develops a new process… The Laser Zentrum Hannover (LZH), together with an industrial partner, is developing a laser-assisted metal flux-cored welding process for use underwater. The process aims to facilitate welding work underwater and produce better weld seams. Whether for wind farms, coastal protection structures, or harbors: when technical constructions have to be welded underwater, divers usually do it by manual electrode welding. Scientists of the LZH are now developing an alternative process together with AMT GmbH from Aachen….
Fraunhofer IOF contributed mirrors for the first German hyperspectral satellite. Recently, the first hyperspectral satellite developed and built in Germany was launched into space. Its name: EnMAP. In the future, it will analyze Earth’s environment from space, making visible not only the consequences of climate change but also potential natural hazards. A total of eleven mirrors and various optical layers for telescope and spectrometer optics were manufactured for this mission at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering…
Laser spectroscopic measurements on methylidene ions in the CSR using the elektron cooler. A lone molecule free in cold space will cool by slowing down its rotation − it will spontaneously lose its rotational energy in quantum transitions, typically only once in many seconds. This process can be accelerated, slowed down, or even inverted by collisions with surrounding particles. In an experiment at the ultracold storage ring CSR, researchers of the MPI for Nuclear Physics measured the rate of quantum…
They are everywhere, around us and within us. Phenomena lasting trillionths of a second form the core of chemistry and biology. It is only recently that we have begun to try to accurately record their actual course, with moderate success. However, physicists from Cracow have proven that the new window to the world of attophysics can be built, offering a very promising view. Whether in the depths of a cell or inside a test tube, chemical reactions involving changes in the configuration of electrons…
NIH discovery sheds light on tissue targeted by age-related macular degeneration and other diseases. Researchers have identified distinct differences among the cells comprising a tissue in the retina that is vital to human visual perception. The scientists from the National Eye Institute (NEI) discovered five subpopulations of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)—a layer of tissue that nourishes and supports the retina’s light-sensing photoreceptors. Using artificial intelligence, the researchers analyzed images of RPE at single-cell resolution to create a reference map that…
Solid-state nanophotonic technology could potentially replace cabinets of equipment. Rice University photonics researchers have created a potentially disruptive technology for the ultraviolet optics market. By precisely etching hundreds of tiny triangles on the surface of a microscopic film of zinc oxide, nanophotonics pioneer Naomi Halas and colleagues created a “metalens” that transforms incoming long-wave UV (UV-A) into a focused output of vacuum UV (VUV) radiation. VUV is used in semiconductor manufacturing, photochemistry and materials science and has historically been costly…
Biological invasions interact with changing climate in unpredictable ways. Native species in California’s estuaries are expected to experience greater declines as invasive species interact with climate change, according to a study from the University of California, Davis. The study, published in the Ecological Society of America’s journal, Ecology, said these declines are expected not only because of climate-related stressors, but also because of the expanding influence of new invasive predators whose impacts are occurring much farther up the estuary. “Our…
Entanglement or non-separability constitutes a cornerstone of quantum mechanics from which many of its unique characteristics arise. For example, non-separability in entangled particle pairs leads to apparent instantaneous transfer of information and counterintuitive states of matter. Such phenomena find applications in diverse areas, such as quantum computing or quantum cryptography. Nevertheless, non-separability is also ubiquitous in the classical domain. Indeed, even prism dispersion of light as observed by Newton over three centuries ago can be considered as an example of…
It’s often said that a little stress can be good for you. Now scientists have shown that the same may be true for cells, uncovering a newly-discovered mechanism that might help prevent the build-up of tangles of proteins commonly seen in dementia. A characteristic of diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s – collectively known as neurodegenerative diseases – is the build-up of misfolded proteins. These proteins, such as amyloid and tau in Alzheimer’s disease, form ‘aggregates’ that can cause irreversible…
This study is led by Dr. Xingpeng Wen and Dr. Yuxian Zhu (Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University). About 180 billion tons of celluloses are produced by the world’s vegetation annually, making this polysaccharide the most abundant biological macromolecule on earth. It is produced predominantly by vascular plants, by a large number of algae and also by some bacteria, protists and tunicates. Cellulose microfibrils used for cell wall deposition are usually synthesized at the plasma membrane by the cellulose synthase…
Using future projections from the latest generation of Earth System Models, a recent study published in Science Advances found that most of the world’s ocean is steadily losing its year-to-year memory under global warming. Compared with the fast weather fluctuations of the atmosphere, the slowly varying ocean exhibits strong persistence, or “memory”, meaning the ocean temperature tomorrow is likely to look a lot like it does today, with only slight changes. As a result, ocean memory is often used for…
Researchers at EMBL Heidelberg found that inversions in the human genome are more common than previously thought, which impacts our understanding of certain genetic diseases. Our DNA acts like a blueprint for the cellular machinery that lets cells, organs, and whole organisms function. Mutations in the DNA can result in genetic diseases. Such genetic variation can include point mutations at a single site, as well as deletions, duplications, and inversions. The term ‘inversion’ describes a piece of DNA flipping its…
The balloon-borne 1m solar telescope SUNRISE III has reached an important milestone: First light at the launch site in Sweden for the telescope and the various instruments and the new image stabilization developed by the Leibniz Institute for Solar Physics (KIS) in Freiburg. In June, the 1m Sunrise telescope will lift off from Esrange Space Center, the balloon and rocket base of the Swedish Space Agency (SSC) in Kiruna (Sweden), and for the third time fly west along the Arctic…
Helmholtz Institute Jena opens up new possibilities at the European X-ray laser European XFEL. A research team was able to generate polarized X-rays with unprecedented purity at the European XFEL in Hamburg. The experiments involved scientists from the Helmholtz Institute Jena, a branch of GSI, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and the Helmholtz Center Dresden-Rossendorf. The method is supposed to be used in the coming years to show that even vacuum behaves like a material under certain circumstances — a prediction…
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