Insights from mouse model could lead to better vaccines. Salmonella infections cause about a million deaths a year worldwide, and there is an urgent need for better vaccines for both typhoid fever and non-typhoidal Salmonella disease. New work from researchers at the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine shows how memory T cells, crucial for a vaccine that induces a powerful immune response, can be recruited into the liver in a mouse model of Salmonella. The work was published April…
$1 million enables deep dive into LA County waterways. UC Riverside scientists are taking a modern approach to studying a murky subject — the quantity, quality, and sources of microplastics in Los Angeles County’s urban streams. Microplastics are particles with a maximum diameter of 5 millimeters, roughly the size of a pencil eraser. The category can include nanoplastics, which are far smaller than the width of an average human hair. Scientists have been aware that these particles have been filtering…
For several years, a team of researchers from the Alfred Wegener Institute used underwater microphones to listen for seals at the edge of the Antarctic. Their initial findings, just released in the journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, indicate that sea-ice retreat has had significant effects on the animals’ behaviour: when the ice disappears, areas normally full of vocalisations become very quiet. When the sea ice vanishes, Antarctic seals become silent. This is the main conclusion of a new…
Findings show similarities to and differences from cuprate superconductors, including more complex electronic structure. Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered new details about the electrons in a nickel-based family of superconducting materials. The research, described in two papers published in Physical Review X, reveals that these nickel-based materials have certain similarities with—and key differences from—copper-based superconductors. Comparing the two kinds of “high-temperature” superconductors may help scientists zero in on key features essential for these…
Spacecraft-inspired system enhances quadruped agility and balance. Researchers in Carnegie Mellon University’s Robotics Institute (RI) have designed a system that makes an off-the-shelf quadruped robot nimble enough to walk a narrow balance beam — a feat that is likely the first of its kind. “This experiment was huge,” said Zachary Manchester, an assistant professor in the RI and head of the Robotic Exploration Lab. “I don’t think anyone has ever successfully done balance beam walking with a robot before.” By leveraging hardware often used to control…
Researchers develop stretchable OLED display. Imagine a thin, digital display so flexible that you can wrap it around your wrist, fold it in any direction, or curve it over your car’s steering wheel. Researchers at the Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (PME) at the University of Chicago have designed just such a material, which can bend in half or stretch to more than twice its original length while still emitting a fluorescent pattern. The material, described in Nature Materials, has a wide…
The rising temperatures threatening life on our planet are caused in part by microbes that produce 50% of atmospheric methane, a gas 30 times more potent than CO2 at trapping heat. Surprisingly, another kind of microbe combats these rising temperatures by consuming up to 80% of methane released from ocean sediments. How are some microbes methane producers and others methane consumers? To solve this puzzle, an international team of researchers, Nikhil Malvankar (Yale University, USA), Carlos Salgueiro (NOVA University of…
– visualizing reactive astrocyte-neuron interaction. PET imaging of reactive astrocyte-neuron interaction reveals new insights into Alzheimer’s disease pathology, offering a potential breakthrough in diagnosis and treatment. Recently, a team of South Korean scientists led by Director C. Justin LEE of the Center for Cognition and Sociality within the Institute for Basic Science made a new discovery that can revolutionize both the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. The group demonstrated a mechanism where the astrocytes in the brain uptake elevated…
Actinic keratosis is considered the most common precursor of skin cancer and is triggered by excessive UV radiation. Without treatment, it can often develop into malignant forms of skin cancer. Under the leadership of the Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), the international doctoral candidates network PlasmACT is investigating the use of medical gas plasma technology as a treatment method. The project is funded by the European Union. Eight young international researchers will work on a plasma-based treatment…
Dr. Nataliya Yadzhak from Lviv/Ukraine, postdoctoral fellow and research associate for the Chair for Metals and Alloys at the University of Bayreuth, has been awarded a fellowship from the EU programme “Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions for Ukraine (MSCA4Ukraine)” on the proposal of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. During the two-year fellowship, she will pursue a research project on hydrogen embrittlement of ferritic superalloys at the University of Bayreuth. Of the 26 research projects in Germany funded by the “MSCA4Ukraine” programme to…
Chemists from Chemnitz prepared long searched Chemical Compound for the First Time. High-profile publication in the journal Nature Chemistry: Prof. Dr. Johannes Teichert and his team from Chemnitz University of Technology successfully show the existence of the neutral homoaromatic compound. In a recent issue of the renowned and highly cited international journal Nature Chemistry, Prof. Dr. Johannes Teichert, head of the Professorship of Organic Chemistry at Chemnitz University of Technology, his research assistant Trung Tran Ngoc, and other contributors report…
Experiments at the University of Freiburg provide evidence for the first time of the ability of ambrosia beetles to distinguish between food and harmful fungi. Certain ambrosia beetles species engage in active agriculture. As social communities, they breed and care for food fungi in the wood of trees and ensure that so-called weed fungi spread less. Researchers led by Prof. Dr. Peter Biedermann, professor of Forest Entomology and Forest Protection at the University of Freiburg, now demonstrate for the first…
Senescent Cells Aid Regeneration in Salamanders. Scientists show that so called senescent cells, i.e., cells that have permanently stopped dividing, boost production of new muscle cells to enhance regeneration of lost limbs in salamanders. Senescent cells, often referred to as “zombie” cells, have long been associated with aging and disease. However, a new study from the Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD) at TU Dresden adds to a growing body of evidence that not all senescent cells are harmful. The…
… everybody needs some body. The typical image of a robot is one composed of motors and circuits, encased in metal. Yet the field of molecular robotics, which is being spearheaded in Japan, is beginning to change that. Much like how complex living organisms are formed, molecular robots derive form and functionality from assembled molecules. Such robots could have important applications, such as being used to treat and diagnose diseases in vivo. The first challenge in building a molecular robot…
The discovery of new quantum materials with magnetic properties are believed to pave the way for ultra-fast and considerably more energy efficient computers and mobile devices. So far, these types of materials have been shown to work only in extremely cold temperatures. Now, a research team at Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden are the first to make a device made of a two-dimensional magnetic quantum material work in room temperature. Today’s rapid IT expansion generates enormous amounts of digital…
Taming pancreatic cancer with intratumoral immunotherapy. Houston Methodist nanomedicine researchers have found a way to tame pancreatic cancer – one of the most aggressive and difficult to treat cancers – by delivering immunotherapy directly into the tumor with a device that is smaller than a grain of rice. In a paper recently published in Advanced Science, Houston Methodist Research Institute researchers used an implantable nanofluidic device they invented to deliver CD40 monoclonal antibodies (mAb), a promising immunotherapeutic agent, at a…
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