Improved speed, precision and flexibility — it is important to take advantage of every possible opportunity in optimizing production. To this end, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS have developed SURFinpro, a solution that uses artificial intelligence and optical measurement technology to detect, classify and visualize defects in real time, and report them to the plant carrying out the production. The experts will be presenting their system from June 27 to 30, 2023, at Laser…
Scientists decode the chemical profile of tantalum surface oxides to understand loss and improve qubit performance. Whether it’s baking a cake, building a house, or developing a quantum device, the quality of the end product significantly depends on its ingredients or base materials. Researchers working to improve the performance of superconducting qubits, the foundation of quantum computers, have been experimenting using different base materials in an effort to increase the coherent lifetimes of qubits. The coherence time is a measure…
Medicine is becoming increasingly complex, not least due to new technologies. Artificial Intelligence (AI) aims to help doctors manage the flood of information and make the best possible decisions for their patients. With the recently founded AI Center for Health Care, the state of Bremen is promoting cross-institute cooperation on this future topic through the U Bremen Research Alliance – and is bolstering health research in Bremen. As one of the activities in the lead project “Artificial Intelligence”, establishing the…
How do they influence the development of coral islands? Coral islands are in danger of slowly sinking in the face of rising sea levels. In a new study, researchers from the Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT) found that sea level may not be the only factor playing a role in the fate of threatened islands. In recent years, alarming reports have accumulated about the slow sinking of coral islands, especially in the Pacific. Tropical coral islands are formed…
Explaining the interaction between quantized vortices and normal fluids. Liquid helium-4, which is in a superfluid state at cryogenic temperatures close to absolute zero (-273°C), has a special vortex called a quantized vortex that originates from quantum mechanical effects. When the temperature is relatively high, the normal fluid exists simultaneously in the superfluid helium, and when the quantized vortex is in motion, mutual friction occurs between it and the normal-fluid. However, it is difficult to explain precisely how a quantized…
Quantum computers might be able to crack currently unsolvable tasks, but it is not easy to expand them to the necessary size. A new technique from a team of Darmstadt physicists could overcome this hurdle. Darmstadt physicists have developed a technique that could overcome one of the biggest hurdles in building a practically-relevant quantum computer. They make use of an optical effect here discovered by British photo pioneer William Talbot in 1836. The team led by Malte Schlosser and Gerhard…
European Innovation Council funds Europe-wide project led by TU Darmstadt. Magnets are key materials for the energy transition. However, they often consist of critical raw materials. Scientists led by TU Darmstadt are now researching alternative magnetic materials as part of the “CoCoMag“ project. The European Innovation Council (EIC) is funding the project with three million euros. Fossil fuels are increasingly being replaced by electricity generated from the sun, wind, and water. However, sufficient renewable energy is only the starting point…
How bacteria use electricity and carbon dioxide to produce useful chemicals. In microbial electrosynthesis, microorganisms use CO2 and electricity to produce alcohol, for example. How this process works biologically, however, has only been speculated about until now. Researchers at the Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (Leibniz-HKI) have now been able to confirm experimentally for the first time that the bacteria use electrons from hydrogen and can produce more chemical substances than previously known. Microbial electrosynthesis is…
Billions of tons of electronic waste are produced in the EU every year. With a novel approach, the new EU project “CircEl-Paper” could sustainably improve the recycling process for electronics in the future. Electronics that can be disposed of and even recycled using conventional paper recycling process? That is the goal of the EU project CircEl-Paper. For this purpose, the project is looking at the development of functional printed circuit boards based on paper technology. Such an approach, which enables…
Researchers at the Niels Bohr Institute have, collaborating with the University of Münster and Ruhr-Universität Bochum, developed new technology capable of processing the enormous amounts of information quantum systems generate. Deterministic single photon light sources, creating quantum bits at extreme rates and speed are now coupled to specially designed, integrated photonic circuits, capable of processing quantum information with adequate speed and quality without degrading the susceptible quantum states. This means that the first steps have been taken towards the development…
Scientists from the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and their collaborators in the RHIC-STAR experiment have observed the collective flow of hypernuclei in heavy-ion collisions for the first time. This achievement offers a new direction for studying hyperon–nucleon (Y–N) interactions in dense nuclear matter environments. The study was published in Physical Review Letters on May 24. Hyperons are baryons that contain strange (s) quark, while nucleons (proton or neutron) only contain up (u) and down (d)…
Scientists uncover cellular process behind oxygen production. One out of 10 breaths contains oxygen generated by cellular mechanism in microscopic algae. Take a deep breath. Now take nine more. According to new research, the amount of oxygen in one of those 10 breaths was made possible thanks to a newly identified cellular mechanism that promotes photosynthesis in marine phytoplankton. Described as “groundbreaking” by a team of researchers at UC San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography, this previously unknown process accounts…
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) identify a protein in some people with schizophrenia that causes schizophrenia-like features in mice. Links have been reported between schizophrenia and proteins produced by the immune system that can act against one’s own body, known as autoantibodies. In a study published last month in Brain Behavior and Immunity, Japanese researchers identified autoantibodies that target a ‘synaptic adhesion protein’, neurexin 1α, in a subset of patients with schizophrenia. When injected into mice, the…
Research using the world’s most energetic laser has shed light on the properties of highly compressed matter – essential to understanding the structure of giant planets and stars, and to develop controlled nuclear fusion, a process that could harvest carbon-free energy. Matter in the interior of giant planets and some relatively cool stars is highly compressed by the weight of the layers above. The extreme pressures generated are strong enough to charge of atoms and generate free electrons, in a…
Hamburg scientists at Helmut Schmidt University/UniBw H have succeeded in developing a particularly powerful thin-disk laser oscillator. Hamburg scientists at Helmut Schmidt University/UniBw H have succeeded in developing a particularly powerful thin-disk laser oscillator. Laser oscillators, unlike laser amplifiers, generate and amplify laser radiation simultaneously from a single box. The core part of the system consists of a laser-gain medium in a special thin-disk geometry and a unique configuration of mirrors to form the laser resonator. The laser emits 14…
1.7 Petabits, equal to more than 10 million home broadband connections. Invented in Japan with Macquarie University support. An optical fibre about the thickness of a human hair can now carry the equivalent of more than 10 million fast home internet connections running at full capacity. A team of Japanese, Australian, Dutch, and Italian researchers has set a new speed record for an industry standard optical fibre, achieving 1.7 Petabits over a 67km length of fibre. The fibre, which contains…
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