Researchers from Stanford and the American University of Beirut have developed a lightweight, portable antenna that can communicate with satellites and devices on the ground, making it easier to coordinate rescue and relief efforts in disaster-prone areas. When an earthquake, flood, or other disaster strikes a region, existing communication infrastructure such as cell phone and radio towers are often damaged or destroyed. Restoring emergency communications as quickly as possible is vital for coordinating rescue and relief efforts. Researchers at Stanford…
Adaptive form of deep brain stimulation with twice the number of electrodes improved the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in six patients. A team of physicians, neuroscientists and engineers at Duke University has demonstrated two new strategies that use deep brain stimulation to improve the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. By simultaneously targeting two key brain structures and using a novel self-adjusting device, the team showed that they can efficiently target and improve disruptive symptoms caused by the movement disorder. The research…
Astrophysicists at the University of Jena are analysing the latest observational data from the Gaia space telescope and not only finding hundreds of new companion stars of exoplanet host stars, but also showing how these influence planetary properties. People in ancient times knew five planets: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn, which they considered to be “wandering stars”. It was only with the Copernican revolution in the 16th century, the Earth itself also became a planet, orbiting our planet host…
A research team from the University of Münster has for the first time discovered anomalous meter-sized rocks on the lunar surface that are covered in dust and presumably exhibit unique properties – such as magnetic anomalies. These findings help to understand the processes that form and change the lunar crust. The study has been published in the “Journal of Geophysical Research – Planets”. Our Earth’s Moon is almost completely covered in dust. Unlike on Earth, this dust is not smoothed…
Further TOSYMA analysis underpins advantages of DBT+SM use. Early detection of disease is considered positive – but what if it finds “too much”? While early diagnosis can improve the chances of recovery, early detection can also have unwanted side effects. After all, not everything that is found would have become life-threatening in the course of the disease. TOSYMA, the world’s largest randomized diagnostic superiority study on early breast cancer detection, has now investigated whether the innovative DBT+SM method for early…
A team led by Saranya Balachandran, Prof. Dr. Malte Spielmann and Dr. Varuun Sreenivasan, Institute of Human Genetics at the University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University and the University of Lübeck, has developed the AI-based algorithm STIGMA, which enables better diagnoses of congenital diseases. Several new disease genes have already been identified. A team from the Institute of Human Genetics at the University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), the Faculty of Medicine at Kiel University and the University of Lübeck has developed an…
Quantum physicist Mickael Perrin uses graphene ribbons to build nanoscale power plants that turn waste heat from electrical equipment into electricity. A visit to the engineer with the invisible machines. When Mickael Perrin started out on his scientific career 12 years ago, he had no way of knowing he was conducting research in an area that would be attracting wide public interest only a few years later: quantum electronics. “At the time, physicists were just starting to talk about the…
Long Covid patients suffer from chronic symptoms such as fatigue or shortness of breath. As researchers at the University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich have discovered, this is to some extent due to a part of our immune system called the complement system. The study identified a pattern in the blood proteins that will improve the diagnosis and perhaps also the targeted treatment of Long Covid. Most people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus recover after the acute illness. However,…
The quantum ground state of an acoustic wave of a certain frequency can be reached by completely cooling the system. In this way, the number of quantum particles, the so-called acoustic phonons, which cause disturbance to quantum measurements, can be reduced to almost zero and the gap between classical and quantum mechanics bridged. Over the past decade, major technological advances have been made, making it possible to put a wide variety of systems into this state. Mechanical vibrations oscillating between…
A team at HZB has developed a new measurement method that, for the first time, accurately detects tiny temperature differences in the range of 100 microkelvin in the thermal Hall effect. Previously, these temperature differences could not be measured quantitatively due to thermal noise. Using the well-known terbium titanate as an example, the team demonstrated that the method delivers highly reliable results. The thermal Hall effect provides information about coherent multi-particle states in quantum materials, based on their interaction with…
Large, all-glass metalens images sun, moon and nebulae. Metalenses have been used to image microscopic features of tissue and resolve details smaller than a wavelength of light. Now they are going bigger. Researchers at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed a 10-centimeter-diameter glass metalens that can image the sun, the moon and distant nebulae with high resolution. It is the first all-glass, large-scale metalens in the visible wavelength that can be mass…
Pitt Engineer receives $557K NIH funding for world’s first in vivo trials of metamaterial orthopedic implants. A civil engineer at the University of Pittsburgh is applying his expertise in bridges and infrastructure to develop new materials that better treat spinal injury, repair, and recovery. Amir Alavi’s proposal received a $557,000 boost from the National Institutes of Health to test the first “metamaterial” orthopedic implants. With an estimated 342,000 procedures per year in the U.S.1, interbody spinal fusion is a popular procedure to treat…
CASUS scientists contribute to an extensive effort to verify existing computer codes intended for materials simulations. Physicists and materials scientists can choose from a whole family of computer codes that simulate the behavior of materials and predict their properties. The accuracy of the results obtained by these codes depends on the employed approximations and chosen numerical parameters. To verify that the results from different codes are comparable, consistent with each other, and reproducible, a large group of scientists did the…
Protecting the world’s oceans against accelerating damage from human activities could be cheaper and take up less space than previously thought, new research has found. The University of Queensland’s Professor Anthony Richardson collaborated on the study, which looks to halt the rapid decline of marine biodiversity from expanding industrial activities in marine areas beyond national jurisdictions (ABNJ). “This ‘blue acceleration’ as we call it, has seen a greater diversity of stakeholders interested in ABNJs, such as the high seas and the international…
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The development of breast cancer often originates from epithelial cells in the mammary gland – the very cells that specialise in milk production during and after pregnancy. A team of researchers from Friedrich Schiller University Jena (Germany), the university in Shenzhen (China) and Jena University Hospital (Germany) has taken a closer look at this specialisation process and deciphered a molecular mechanism that also appears to play an important role in cancer…
Dependence on coal and gas could be overcome in Africa first – study examines requirements for a post-fossil-fuels scenario. A joint study by the University of Tübingen, the Senckenberg Society for Nature Research, the University of Osnabrück and the University of Rwanda has found that 80 percent of the energy required in Africa could come from renewable sources by 2040 – if the capacity of existing power plants were fully utilized and all the plants currently on the drawing-board were…
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