Researchers of National Institute of Materials Science and Ehime University, Japan, developed a new diamond anvil cell by micro-fabricating a superconducting…
A Japanese research group verified the presence of a protein modification that is a unique mark in human cell nucleus. This protein modification, Histone H4…
Atrial fibrillation (AF) causes an irregular and sometimes fast heart rate, and is a common risk factor for stroke. To estimate this risk in AF patients and…
The olive was one of the first trees to be domesticated in the history of mankind, probably some 6,000 years ago. A Mediterranean emblem par excellence, it is…
Scientists from the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have discovered a possible secret to dramatically boosting the…
On Thursday, June 30, 2016, Fraunhofer IAO launched the Business Innovation Engineering Center (BIEC). This initiative is designed as a platform where business…
The novel mathematical concept of tangles is for the first time applied to identify highly connected regions in a graph. The applications of this analysis technique include image recognition & compression, cluster analysis & data mining and data quality assessment.
Batteries are a fundamental part of any new electrical appliance and the increasing energy demand requires higher performance of batteries. We present a novel cathode material for LiS batteries with imporant strengths: Simple, sustainable and cost-effective production, Prevention of Shuttle Effect, High sulfur content, Higher cycle stability.
The paper-based MFC runs for five days and shows the production of current as a result of biofilm formation on anode. The system produces 1.3 μW of power and…
In the campy 1966 science fiction movie “Fantastic Voyage,” scientists miniaturize a submarine with themselves inside and travel through the body of a…
Melanin is a pigment which is present in almost all life forms and that determines hair and skin color in humans. It helps insects protect themselves against…
Congestion occurs in packet-based communication networks when more traffic temporarily enters a network than can be forwarded. Congestion management detects congestion in a communication network and drops or marks packets to mitigate congestion. Still, a few heavy users can monopolize the bandwidth of a bottleneck link, e.g., by opening many flows or using non-responsive transport protocols to send at large data rate. A challenge is to drop or mark the right packets if fair capacity sharing and low delay are desired in a network.
We propose activity-based congestion management (ABC), with which users can share a network’s capacity fairly within an ABC domain while keeping packet delays low. To that end, activity meters and markers equip user traffic with activity information that reflects a user’s traffic rate. In case of congestion, traffic with high activity is preferentially dropped on bottleneck links. Thereby, users can achieve a fair share of the network’s transmission capacity.
Low delay is achieved by leveraging active queue management (AQM) in routers or switches that start dropping traffic in case of congestion to avoid extensive, permanent packet queueing. ABC-AQM is a modification of a normal AQM that increases drop probabilities for high-activity traffic and decreases them for low-activity traffic. The mechanism is easily adaptable to various AQMs.
Glasses are neither fluids nor crystals. They are amorphous solids and one of the big puzzles in condensed matter physics. For decades, the question of how…
Working with colleagues in Japan, the scientists at Brown University used a novel technique to surreptitiously train a small group of volunteers to associate…
New research has identified clear signs that the hole in the Antarctic ozone layer is beginning to close.
Astronomers at The University of Nottingham have released spectacular new infrared images of the distant Universe, providing the deepest view ever obtained…
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