It is now possible to reprogram cells from the liver into the precursor cells that give rise to the pancreas by altering the activity of a single gene. A team…
Imagine patterning and visualizing silicon at the atomic level, something which, if done successfully, will revolutionize the quantum and classical computing…
Be it photosynthesis or our sense of vision – in nature, light controls a number of fundamental processes. Optogenetics – a new fundamental technology…
Sailfish are large oceanic predatory fish that attack their prey with their long, sharp bills. When hunting, individuals increase their success rate by…
Periodic oscillations of bottom-water oxygen concentrations can alter benthic communities and carbon storage for decades, reveals a new study published in…
Although Albert Einstein had already predicted the existence of gravitational waves, their existence was not actually proven until fall 2015, when highly…
Proteins are the building blocks of all cells. They are made from messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, which are copied from DNA in the nuclei of cells. All cells,…
The market for photovoltaic systems is highly competitive. In order to achieve higher efficiency and reduce costs, manufacturers are continuously optimising…
The unique properties of terahertz radiation mean it is of interest for a wide range of potential applications, including non-invasive medical imaging and the…
Last year, the World Health Organization WHO declared “A Public Health Emergency of International Concern” associated with the outbreak of Zika virus. In 2014…
Dendrimers are spherical, highly branched polymers used in the fields of drug delivery and drug targeting, DNA/RNA delivery, imaging, protein labelling, protein crosslinking and protein separation, coagulation inhibition, and surface, cell and tissue recognition. They are also used as macroamphiphiles and catalyst supports. All previously existing dendrimers require special, branched and partially protected or polyreactive building blocks for their synthesis. A disadvantage is the limited range of dendrimers with varying structures that can be produced, and the concentration to few dendron forming functional groups.
The new technology offers the possibility of synthesising dendrimers with almost any combination of branch lengths, degree of branching, internal and terminal groups. This is achieved by means of multiple iterative multicomponent reactions, e.g. with acidic, alkaline, hydrophilic, lipophilic, sugar and other functional groups.
DNA assembly methods such as such as Gibson and Golden Gate cloning are basic tools for synthetic biology. Both methods allow assembly of constructs from multiple DNA fragments in a one-pot one-step assembly reaction. Standardization of parts is another essential element of modern synthetic biology. A novel method has been developed to assemble constructs from several individual DNA parts – each kept on a solid carrier – directly in a one-pot one-step reaction.
Parenteral controlled drug delivery is of crucial importance for the pharmacotherapy of many diseases (e.g. breast and prostate cancer, local inflammation). By means of controlled release systems it is possible to decrease the frequency of administration (from hours to months), to increase drug efficiency and to decrease side effects. Direct Injectable OleoGels (DIOGs) and In Situ Forming OleoGels (ISFOGs) were developed as new, biodegradable and lipid based formulations for parenteral controlled release applications. Both formulations have many advantages in terms of manufacturability, rheological properties and release control compared to the currently used drug delivery systems.
Parenteral controlled drug delivery is of crucial importance for the pharmacotherapy of many diseases (e.g. breast and prostate cancer, local inflammation). By means of controlled release systems it is possible to decrease the frequency of administration (from hours to months), to increase drug efficiency and to decrease side effects. The problem is solved by providing Direct Injectable Polymer Solutions (DIPOs) which act as a depot after administration. Their polarity and degradation rate is adjustable. They are much less acidic compared to PLA/PLGA polymers.
Yellow mosaic virus disease leads to substantial losses – up to 50 % of the yield – in susceptible barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare). The disease is caused by different strains of Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and Barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV). It cannot be cured by chemical treatment. The present invention provides a new recessive resistance gene. Variants of the gene lead to resistance against all agents known to cause yellow mosaic virus disease in Europe.
Less than a year after the first research flight kicked off NASA's Oceans Melting Greenland campaign, data from the new program are providing a dramatic…
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