Berlin-based Ferdinand-Braun-Institut (FBH) and the University of Glasgow to deepen cooperation, focusing on ultra-high-power photonic applications and enhanced exchange of photonics experts and students through the newly established Visiting Professorship of Paul Crump from FBH in Glasgow. Pushing the limits of high-power diode lasers! This is just one of the ambitious goals of the cooperation between the Ferdinand-Braun-Institut (FBH), Berlin, Germany and the University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (UK). The partnership, which began in 2020 has since evolved into a…
Version 3.0 of the material simulation software suite DAMASK released. Designing materials to meet high-tech criteria, safety, and sustainability standards is increasingly complex. To address this challenge, a team of materials scientists and software engineers lead by the Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials (MPI SusMat) has released an updated version of the Düsseldorf Advanced Material Simulation Kit (DAMASK). This free, unified multi-physics crystal plasticity simulation package, initiated at MPI SusMat, is now developed as open-source software by various research…
Researchers at the University of Bayreuth have established a new optogenetic approach in which the bacterial production of proteins can be controlled at the mRNA level with blue light. The new system gates the activation of the genetic substance particularly effectively and thus surpasses previous approaches. It provides new tools for basic research and biotechnology. What for? Optogenetics refers to the regulation of biological processes by light, for example gene expression, i.e. the activation of specific genes. Optogenetics therefore offers…
The ability to turn experiences into memories allows us to learn from the past and use what we learned as a model to respond appropriately to new situations. For this reason, as the world around us changes, this memory model cannot simply be a fixed archive of the good old days. Rather, it must be dynamic, changing over time and adapting to new circumstances to better help us predict the future and select the best course of action. How the…
Researchers at Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(IOPCAS) report the discovery of superconductivity (SC) with Tc ~116 K in new antinomy polyhydride SbH4, which has the second highest Tc among the covalent bonding dominated polyhydrides. The paper was published in National Science Review 11, nwad241 (2024). The experimental discovery of SC with Tc~203 K in SH3 has sparked great enthusiasm to exploring new high-temperature superconducting pollyhydride. Recently, pollyhydride superconductor exploration mainly focuses on the elements with low electronegativity, such…
A team led by Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, German Rheumatology Research Center and the Max Delbrück Center have defined key cells behind severe kidney damage in lupus. The research, published in “Nature,” can inform future antibody therapies. A Berlin-led research team has uncovered critical regulators of severe kidney damage in patients with lupus, an autoimmune disorder affecting an estimated five million people worldwide, most of which are young women. A small, specialized population of immune cells – called innate lymphoid…
More efficient and longer-lasting fuel cells are essential for fuel cell-powered heavy-duty hydrogen vehicles to be an alternative to combustion fuelled counterparts. Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have developed an innovative method to study and understand how parts of fuel cells degrade over time. This is an important step towards the improved performance of fuel cells and them becoming commercially successful. Hydrogen is a fuel alternative that is becoming increasingly interesting for heavy-duty vehicles. Hydrogen-powered vehicles only emit…
The remarkable affinity of the microbial enzyme iron nitrogenase for the greenhouse gas CO2 makes it useful for future biotechnologie. Nitrogenases are among the most geochemically important enzymes on Earth, providing all forms of life with bioavailable nitrogen in the form of ammonia (NH3). Some nitrogenases can also directly convert CO2 into hydrocarbon chains, making them an exciting target for the development of biotechnological processes. A team of researchers in Marburg, Germany, led by Max Planck scientist Johannes Rebelein, has…
The Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT is supplementing its established Aachen “6th Conference on Laser Polishing LaP” on October 15 to 16, 2024 for the first time with a new conference that addresses the growing global interest in photonic process chains for the optics industry. The “1st Conference on Laser-based Optics Manufacturing LOM” focuses on laser-based manufacturing of complex optics and aims to boost the transfer of knowledge from research to industry. Laser-based optics manufacturing promises competitive advantages because…
AlYN promises more energy-efficient and powerful electronics. Researchers at Fraunhofer IAF have made a breakthrough in the field of semiconductor materials: With aluminum yttrium nitride (AlYN), they have succeeded in fabricating and characterizing a new and promising semiconductor material using the MOCVD process. Due to its excellent material properties and its adaptability to gallium nitride (GaN), AlYN has enormous potential for use in energy-efficient high-frequency and high-performance electronics for information and communications technology. Aluminum Yttrium Nitride (AlYN) has attracted the…
Researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology and the University of Giessen report in a new study in Communications Biology, that the adaptation of antlion larvae to their ecological niche has also changed their venom. Antlions inject a complex venom mixture into their prey that differs in composition and effectiveness from the venom of related lacewing larvae and reflects the specific ecology of the species. In a new study published in Communications Biology, researchers from the Max Planck…
Researchers publish a new study on the adaptability of plants in arid regions in the scientific journal “Nature”. In a major international study, scientists, including Dr Pierre Liancourt, plant ecologist at the State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, have investigated how plants in arid regions have adapted to these extreme habitats. For eight years, over 120 researchers from 27 countries collected samples from numerous selected drylands on six continents. This made it possible to analyse over 1300 observation series and…
How can diseases of the cardiovascular system be detected before symptoms appear? Researchers at Graz University of Technology (TU Graz) have found a way to track them down at an early stage. Sascha Ranftl (l.) from the Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics at TU Graz and Vahid Badeli from the Institute of Fundamentals and Theory in Electrical Engineering at TU Graz. Foto: Christine Rechling Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common causes of death worldwide. They are often only…
Viewing the Invisible with Advanced Microscopy. Scientists from the Department of Physical Chemistry at the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society have made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of nanotechnology, as detailed in their latest publication in Advanced Materials. Their paper, titled „Spectroscopic and Interferometric Sum-Frequency Imaging of Strongly Coupled Phonon Polaritons in SiC Metasurfaces,” introduces a novel microscopy method that allows for the unprecedented visualization of nanostructures and their optical properties. Tailoring light with Nanomaterials Metamaterials,…
The oxygen fugacity (fO2) of the mantle controls the speciation and mobility of volatiles within it, influencing the composition of volatiles released during mantle-derived magmatic activity, and thereby regulating the composition of the atmosphere. Researchers from the Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS), together with their collaborators, have recently proposed a new parameter, “potential oxygen fugacity,” to directly compare the fO2 characteristics of melts formed at different depths. Current research on the fO2 of the mantle primarily focuses…
For a long time, scientists assumed that jellyfish were a dead-end food source for predatory fish. However, a team from the Alfred Wegener Institute together with the Thünen Institute has now discovered that fish in Greenland waters do indeed feed on jellyfish. In two of the analyzed species, they even made up the majority of the food, as the researchers describe in a study published in the journal Royal Society Open Science. The results suggest that the role of jellyfish…
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