New research adds solid evidence to the suspicion that steep declines in America’s wild bee populations stem in large part from the use of pesticides. Saving the crucial pollinators requires new approaches to managing pesky insects, say the USC Dornsife. Whether you’re strolling through a garden, wandering a park, or simply enjoying an open space in the United States, you’re likely to notice bees buzzing about the flowers. While honeybees, imported from Europe in the 17th century to produce honey,…
Human-made climate change is not confined by national borders. The AGELESS Consortium explores the question of how marine life affected by climate change can be protected beyond areas of national jurisdiction. The Federal Government funds the interdisciplinary project with 2.5 million euros over a three-year period. The open ocean, which, for the most part, lies beyond national jurisdiction, is just as severely impacted by climate change as are nationally regulated coastal waters. With the new international Agreement on Marine Biodiversity…
ISTA welcomes stellar evolution specialist Ilaria Caiazzo as an assistant professor. A two-faced star, a star as massive as the Sun but as compact as the Moon, and star ‘corpses’ that engulf entire planets and disrupt planetary orbits. Ilaria Caiazzo, an astrophysicist who has made stunning discoveries, joins the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) as a new assistant professor. Her path led her from philosophy to studying stellar evolution and death while managing her broad interests including movie…
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) recently imaged the shadows around the supermassive black holes in M 87 and Sgr A* at a wavelength of 1.3mm. Since angular resolution increases with decreasing observing wavelength, observations at a shorter wavelength provide an even sharper view into the immediate surroundings of black holes. A new publication on results of a VLBI pilot experiment of EHT telescopes mutually observing at the short wavelength of 0.87 mm now demonstrates the technical feasibility and sets a…
Sandia collaboration combines integrated photonics and light-wave frequency for novel quantum information processing. Sandia National Laboratories and Arizona State University, two research powerhouses, are collaborating to push the boundaries of quantum technology and transform large-scale optical systems into compact integrated microsystems. Nils Otterstrom, a Sandia physicist specializing in integrated photonics, is at the forefront of scaling down optical systems to the size of a chip. This innovation offers performance advantages and scalability for an array of applications from advanced computing…
Converting brain activity to text on one extremely small integrated system. Researchers from EPFL have developed a next-generation miniaturized brain-machine interface capable of direct brain-to-text communication on tiny silicon chips. Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) have emerged as a promising solution for restoring communication and control to individuals with severe motor impairments. Traditionally, these systems have been bulky, power-intensive, and limited in their practical applications. Researchers at EPFL have developed the first high-performance, Miniaturized Brain-Machine Interface (MiBMI), offering an extremely small, low-power, highly accurate, and versatile…
NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope’s Solar Array Sun Shield has successfully completed recent tests, signaling that the assembly is on track to be completed on schedule. The panels are designed to power and shade the observatory, enabling all the mission’s observations and helping keep the instruments cool. The Roman team has two sets of these panels –– one that will fly aboard the observatory and another as a test structure, used specifically for preliminary assessments. Engineers at NASA’s Goddard…
As electronic devices continue to get smaller and smaller, physical size limitations are beginning to disrupt the trend of doubling transistor density on silicon-based microchips approximately every two years according to Moore’s law. Molecular electronics—the use of single molecules as the building blocks for electronic components—offers a potential pathway for the continued miniaturization of small-scale electronic devices. Devices that utilize molecular electronics require precise control over the flow of electrical current. However, the dynamic nature of these single molecule components…
A common practice among software developers is to use so-called code snippets from the platform Stack Overflow. A study by CISPA researcher Alfusainey Jallow now shows that this can lead to security risks in the long run. One of the reasons for this is that security-relevant updates to the code snippets often do not find their way into the software in which the snippets are used. Jallow published the results of his study in the paper “Measuring the Effects of…
MHH is participating in a BMBF project and wants to build a comprehensive database. Endometriosis is a benign but chronic disease. About ten to 15 per cent of all women of childbearing age are affected. In these women, tissue that resembles the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus. While some patients are completely unaware of their condition, others suffer from severe pain or a range of other symptoms. Because endometriosis is difficult to diagnose, it is often referred…
Scientists uncover an ancient immune-evading strategy shared by animal viruses and viruses that infect bacteria; findings may help in the development of new antiviral therapies. Viruses are tricky to keep up with. They evolve quickly and regularly develop new proteins that help them infect their hosts. These rapid shifts mean that researchers are still trying to understand a multitude of viral proteins and precisely how they increase viruses’ infecting abilities—knowledge that could be crucial for developing new or better virus-fighting…
Physicists ease path to entanglement for quantum sensing. Nothing in science can be achieved or understood without measurement. Today, thanks to advances in quantum sensing, scientists can measure things that were once impossible to even imagine: vibrations of atoms, properties of individual photons, fluctuations associated with gravitational waves. A quantum mechanical trick called “spin squeezing” is widely recognized to hold promise for supercharging the capabilities of the world’s most precise quantum sensors, but it’s been notoriously difficult to achieve. In…
With neutron experiments and theoretical modelling, an international team uncovered 3D QSL behavior in Nickel Langbeinite. A 3D quantum spin liquid has been discovered in the vicinity of a member of the langbeinite family. The material’s specific crystalline structure and the resulting magnetic interactions induce an unusual behaviour that can be traced back to an island of liquidity. An international team has made this discovery with experiments at the ISIS neutron source and theoretical modelling on a nickel-langbeinite sample. The…
New results from the world’s most sensitive dark matter detector put the best-ever limits on particles called WIMPs, a leading candidate for what makes up our universe’s invisible mass. Figuring out the nature of dark matter, the invisible substance that makes up most of the mass in our universe, is one of the greatest puzzles in physics. New results from the world’s most sensitive dark matter detector, LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ), have narrowed down possibilities for one of the leading dark matter…
New AI-based digital platform enables extremely fast and accurate analysis of tissue sections from lung cancer patients / publication in ‘Cell Reports Medicine’. A team of researchers from the University of Cologne’s Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, led by Dr Yuri Tolkach and Professor Dr Reinhard Büttner, has created a digital pathology platform based on artificial intelligence. The platform uses new algorithms developed by the team and enables fully automated analysis of tissue sections from lung cancer patients….
The advance shows promise for creating compact, inexpensive, and portable light sources, which are crucial for space-based applications, biological and geological field research, and military operations. In a groundbreaking advancement, researchers with the Advanced Science Research Center at the CUNY Graduate Center (CUNY ASRC) have experimentally demonstrated that metasurfaces (two-dimensional materials structured at the nanoscale) can precisely control the optical properties of thermal radiation generated within the metasurface itself. This pioneering work, published in Nature Nanotechnology, paves the way for…
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