Leveraging intercellular mitochondria transfer to boost cancer immunotherapies. An international team of researchers, led by Professor Luca Gattinoni at the Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), has developed an innovative mitochondrial transfer platform to supercharge CD8+ T cells, enabling them to overcome exhaustion and more effectively fight tumor cells. Cancer immunotherapies, which harness a patient’s immune system to target cancer cells, are revolutionizing the way we treat patients. Immune cells can locate and attack tumors in various ways and adapt to…
European measurement campaign atmo4ACTRIS launched. The atmospheric lidar ATLID, the last of four instruments on board the EarthCARE satellite launched in May, has now been successfully put into operation. The joint mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japanese Space Agency (JAXA) is designed to measure clouds, aerosols and radiation more accurately than ever before. Researchers from the Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS) are making an important contribution by developing algorithms that derive the aerosol and cloud…
Collecting accurate weather data of the Arctic for the first time and improving forecasts and climate observations worldwide—that is the task of the Arctic Weather Satellite (AWS), which ESA sent on its way to its low-Earth orbit in mid-August. It uses a state-of-the-art microwave radiometer that contains four low-noise amplifiers from Fraunhofer IAF with world-leading InGaAs mHEMT technology. At EuMW 2024 in Paris, the Freiburg-based institute will present exhibits of the amplifiers installed in the AWS as well as other…
A research team led by Prof JIANG Bin from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) proposed a novel approach to accurately describe electron transfer mediated nonadiabatic dynamics of molecules at metal surfaces. Their works were published in Physical Review Letters. Numerous experimental phenomena have demonstrated that non-adiabatic energy transfer is widespread in various interfacial processes. Therefore, studying non-adiabatic energy transfer is crucial for understanding interfacial processes such as chemical adsorption, electrochemistry, and plasmonic catalysis. However,…
Brownian reservoir computing allows to detect human hand gestures on the basis of diffusion and displacement of skyrmions / Results published in Nature Communications. Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) have managed to enhance the framework of Brownian reservoir computing by recording and transferring hand gestures to the system which then used skyrmions to detect these individual gestures. “We were impressed to see that our hardware approach and concept worked so well – and even better than energy-intensive software…
Astronomers have used the NASA/ESA James Webb Space Telescope to confirm that supermassive black holes can starve their host galaxies of the fuel they need to form new stars. The international team, co-led by the University of Cambridge, used Webb to observe a galaxy roughly the size of the Milky Way in the early universe, about two billion years after the Big Bang. Like most large galaxies, it has a supermassive black hole at its centre. However, this galaxy is…
A team of researchers of the Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (MPSD) in Hamburg, Germany and Brookhaven National Laboratory in the United States has demonstrated a new way to study disorder in superconductors using terahertz pulses of light. Adapting methods used in nuclear magnetic resonance to terahertz spectroscopy, the team was able to follow the evolution of disorder in the transport properties up to the superconducting transition temperature for the first time. The work by…
Two researchers at the University of Warsaw developed a quantum-inspired super-resolving spectrometer for short pulses of light. The device designed in the Quantum Optical Devices Lab at the Centre for Quantum Optical Technologies, Centre of New Technologies and Faculty of Physics UW offers over a two-fold improvement in resolution compared to standard approaches. In the future, it can be miniaturized on a photonic chip and applied in optical and quantum networks as well as in spectroscopic studies of matter. The…
Overlapping and weak fingerprints pose challenges in criminal cases. A new study offers a solution and brings hope for using chemical residues in fingerprints for personal profiling. A groundbreaking study has made it possible to extract much more information from fingerprints as evidence than what is currently achievable. Postdoc Kim Frisch from the Department of Forensic Medicine at Aarhus University is the first to use chemical imaging to reveal fingerprints lifted from various surfaces using gelatin lifters. Photo: Line Rønn,…
Reactivation of Epstein–Barr virus infection increases the production of neoself-antigens, which induce an autoimmune response, in patients with lupus. Autoimmune diseases are widespread and notoriously difficult to treat. In part, this is because why the immune system attacks its own tissues in patients with these conditions remains poorly understood. In a study recently published in Cell, researchers from Osaka University have revealed that the body’s own proteins with unusual structure trigger immune cells to unleash a wave of inflammation that…
When we think about bacteria, we may imagine single cells swimming in solution. However, similarly to humans, bacterial cells often socialize, using surfaces to coalesce into complex heterogeneous communities called biofilms. Within a group, bacteria in the biofilm are extremely robust in resisting various environmental stresses – a crucial feature making biofilm-associated infections extremely difficult to treat with antibiotics. For over 50 years, biofilm research has centered around the biological processes which allow biofilms to thrive and become tolerant to…
Microbes produce folate from simple basic ingredients. Biotechnology team at University of Tübingen obtains valuable byproduct in protein production – Contribution to feeding a growing world population without livestock farming. Take some carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and oxygen plus electricity from renewable sources – a bacterium and baker’s yeast need little more to produce proteins for human nourishment and the essential vitamin B9 in a conventional laboratory bioreactor system. This was the result achieved by a research team led by Professor…
The CHAI joint project aims to optimize corrosion management in ports and waterways. The federal state of Schleswig-Holstein is funding the CHAI research project with a total of 900,000 euros. The project is being led by the Helmholtz Center Hereon. The partners are the Port of Kiel, Christian Albrechts Universität zu Kiel (CAU) and AC Korro-Service GmbH. CHAI stands for “Clever corrosion management for ports and waterways in Schleswig-Holstein using automated infrastructure monitoring”. The aim is to use AI to…
Extremely clean air on the ground, warm air intrusions and sulphate aerosol at high altitudes – a Leipzig research project has gained new insights into clouds in Antarctica. From January to December 2023, the vertical distribution of aerosol particles and clouds in the atmosphere above the German Neumayer Station III of the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) was investigated from the ground for the first time. The height-resolved measurements were the first of their…
A game-changing technique, TF-High-Evolutionary (TF-HighEvo), allows large-scale assessment of de-novo mutations in multicellular organisms. Developed in collaboration with researchers from the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and the Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society and published in Molecular Biology and Evolution, this technique provides fresh insights into the evolutionary dynamics of gene regulatory networks and their role in shaping life’s diversity. Gene regulation plays a critical role in the development and evolution of organisms, with transcription factors (TFs)…
In Search of the Origin of an Underwater Plateau. Today, the research vessel SONNE sets off on an expedition to the southwestern Indian Ocean. From 12 September to 28 October 2024, a team of 25 scientists, led by PD Dr Jörg Geldmacher from the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, will investigate the seabed south of Madagascar. Expedition SO307 will focus on geological and biological investigations to improve the understanding of the geology and biology of the seabed and…
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