MR-Guided Laser Effective in Treating Liver Tumors

A large-scale, 12-year study has found that laser ablation with magnetic resonance (MR) guidance is as effective as traditional surgery in the treatment of liver tumors in some patients. The study was presented today at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA).

In the largest study of its type with the longest follow-up, 839 patients at the University of Frankfurt in Germany received MR-guided laser-induced thermotherapy (LITT) for the treatment of liver tumors resulting from colorectal cancer. Between 1993 and 2005, the researchers treated 2,506 liver tumors and tracked survival rates to evaluate the long-term results of the procedure. The average survival rate from the date of diagnosis was 3.8 years, which compares favorably to survival rates after traditional surgery (approximately 1.5 to 5.0 years).

In LITT, also known as laser ablation, laser light is used to destroy tumor tissue. According to the study’s lead author, Martin Mack, M.D., laser ablation has many advantages over other treatment methods.

“Traditional surgical resection has higher morbidity and mortality rates than laser ablation,” said Dr. Mack, an associate professor in the department of diagnostic and interventional radiology at the University of Frankfurt. “Laser treatment can be done on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia. Typically, the patient stays only a couple of hours, instead of a couple of weeks in the hospital after surgical liver resection,” he said.

Laser ablation can be used to treat tumors that occur in both halves of the liver—often during the same treatment—which is practically impossible in a traditional surgery where typically only the left or right lobe is resected. If new tumors are found during follow-up exams, it is much easier to repeat laser treatment than to subject the patient to another open surgery.

Dr. Mack believes that laser combined with MR guidance will have wide-ranging impact on the treatment of tumors throughout the body, and may one day replace traditional surgery as the gold standard of treatment.

“Many surgeons are already performing local ablation instead of resection, because they have already recognized the positive effect of local ablation,” he said. “I believe that minimally invasive tumor ablation together with chemotherapy will play the most important role in the treatment of tumors in the years to come.”

Co-authors are Katrin Eichler, M.D., Thomas Lehnert, M.D., Dirk Proschek, M.D., Joern O. Balzer, M.D., and Thomas J. Vogl, M.D.